Vim

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Starting & Exiting

Command	Action
vi file.txt	Open file
:q	Quit
:q!	Quit without saving
:w	Save
:wq / :x	Save & quit
ZZ	Save & quit (fast)

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Modes in VI

Mode	Description
Normal	Default mode (navigation & commands)
Insert	Type text
Visual	Select text
Command	Run commands (:)

Switch modes:

• i → Insert mode
• Esc → Normal mode
• v → Visual mode
• : → Command mode

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Insert Mode Commands

Command	Action
i	Insert before cursor
I	Insert at line start
a	Insert after cursor
A	Insert at end of line
o	New line below
O	New line above

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Cursor Movement

Key	Action
h	Left
l	Right
j	Down
k	Up
w	Next word
b	Previous word
0	Line start
$	Line end
gg	First line
G	Last line
:n	Go to line n

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Editing & Deleting

Command	Action
x	Delete character
dd	Delete line
dw	Delete word
D	Delete till end of line
yy	Copy line
yw	Copy word
p	Paste after
P	Paste before
u	Undo
Ctrl + r	Redo

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Search & Replace

Command	Action
/word	Search forward
?word	Search backward
n	Next match
N	Previous match

Replace:

:%s/old/new/gc → replaces all occurrences of old with new in the entire file, asking for confirmation before each change
(: = command mode, % = whole file, s = substitute, g = global, c = confirm).

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Visual Mode (Selection)

Command	Action
v	Character select
V	Line select
Ctrl + v	Block select
y	Copy selection
d	Delete selection

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File Operations

Command	Action
:e file	Open file
:w file	Save as
:r file	Insert file content
:!ls	Run shell command

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Useful Commands

Command	Action
:set number	Show line numbers
:set nonumber	Hide line numbers
:syntax on	Enable syntax highlight
:syntax off	Disable syntax

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Power Tips

• . → Repeat last command
• 5dd → Delete 5 lines
• 3yy → Copy 3 lines
• % → Jump to matching bracket
• J → Join lines

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Memory Trick

• d → delete
• y → yank (copy)
• p → paste
• i → insert
• Esc → normal mode

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Quick Summary

• i → insert
• Esc → normal
• :wq → save & quit
• dd → delete line
• yy → copy line

Quick Summary-2

• 'i'

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